Upper limb
Muscles and bones
Upper limb anatomy in 3D:
ligaments and bones
The bones of the upper limb with the ligaments of the shoulder, elbow, wrist and hand joints.
The shoulder joint is reinforced by the glenohumeral and coracohumeral ligaments and the glenoid labrum. The elbow joint is stabilised by the ulnar and radial collateral ligaments and the annular ligament of the radius, and the wrist by the palmar and dorsal radiocarpal ligaments.
Systems in this model
- Bones
- Ligaments
Structures in this model (209)
Bones (132)
- Scapula, Right
- Clavicle, Right
- Humerus, Right
- Ulna, Right
- Radius, Right
- Scaphoid, Right
- Lunate, Right
- Trapezium, Right
- Trapezoid, Right
- Capitate, Right
- Hamate, Right
- Triquetrum, Right
- Pisiform, Right
- Sesamoid, Right Hand
- 1st Metacarpal, Right
- 2nd Metacarpal, Right
- 3rd Metacarpal, Right
- 4th Metacarpal, Right
- 5th Metacarpal, Right
- 1st Proximal Phalanx, Right Hand
- 2nd Proximal Phalanx, Right Hand
- 3rd Proximal Phalanx, Right Hand
- 4th Proximal Phalanx, Right Hand
- 5th Proximal Phalanx, Right Hand
- 2nd Middle Phalanx, Right Hand
- 3rd Middle Phalanx, Right Hand
- 4th Middle Phalanx, Right Hand
- 5th Middle Phalanx, Right Hand
- 1st Distal Phalanx, Right Hand
- 2nd Distal Phalanx, Right Hand
- 3rd Distal Phalanx, Right Hand
- 4th Distal Phalanx, Right Hand
- 5th Distal Phalanx, Right Hand
- Acromial angle
- Acromion
- Articular surface for the clavicle
- Coracoid process
- Glenoid cavity
- Inferior angle
- Infraglenoid tubercle
- Infraspinous fossa
- Lateral (Axillary) border
- Lower lip, spine of scapula
- Medial (Vertebral) border
- Neck, Scapula
- Posterior surface, Scapula
- Scapular spine
- Subscapular fossa
- Superior angle, Scapula
- Superior border
- Supraglenoid tubercle
- Suprascapular notch
- Supraspinous fossa
- Upper lip
- Acromial end
- Trapezoid line
- Conoid tubercle
- Costal tuberosity
- Sternal end
- Sternal facet
- Subclavian groove
- Acromial facet
- Acromioclavicular joint
- Glenohumeral joint
- Anatomical neck
- Anterolateral surface
- Anteromedial surface
- Capitulum
- Coronoid fossa
- Crest of greater tubercle
- Crest of lesser tubercle
- Deltoid tuberosity
- Greater tubercle
- Head of humerus
- Intertubercular sulcus
- Lateral epicondyle (humerus)
- Lateral supracondylar ridge
- Lesser Tubercle
- Medial epicondyle (humerus)
- Medial supracondylar ridge
- Olecranon fossa
- Posterior surface
- Radial fossa
- Radial groove
- Surgical neck
- Trochlea
- Humeroradial joint
- Humeroulnar joint
- Anterior border
- Anterior surface
- Articular circumference
- Coronoid process
- Head of ulna
- Interosseus border
- Olecranon
- Posterior border
- Radial notch of ulna
- Styloid process, ulna
- Supinator crest
- Trochlear notch
- Ulnar tuberosity
- Anterior border
- Anterior surface
- Articular fovea
- Carpal articular surface (scaphoid)
- Carpal articular surface (lunate)
- Dorsal (Lister's) tubercle
- Head of radius
- Interosseus border
- Lateral surface
- Neck of radius
- Posterior border
- Posterior surface
- Radial tuberosity
- Styloid process, radius
- Ulnar notch
- Distal radioulnar joint
- Carpal tunnel
- Carpometacarpal (CMC) joint
- Hook of hamate
- Intercarpal joint
- Mediocarpal joint
- Trapeziometacarpal (TMC) joint
- Tubercle of trapezium
- Base 5th metacarpal
- Shaft 5th metacarpal
- Head 5th metacarpal
- Intermetacarpal joint
- Tuberosity of distal phalanx
- Base 5th middle phalanx
- Shaft 5th middle phalanx
- Head 5th middle phalanx
Ligaments (77)
- Acromioclavicular ligament (Joint capsule)
- Trapezoid ligament (Coracoclavicular ligament)
- Conoid ligament (Coracoclavicular ligament)
- Coraco-acromial ligament
- Superior transverse scapula ligament
- Inferior transverse scapula ligament
- Glenoid labrum
- Joint capsule of the glenohumeral joint (Glenohumeral ligaments)
- Superior glenohumeral ligament (Joint capsule)
- Middle glenohumeral ligament (Joint capsule)
- Inferior glenohumeral ligament (Joint capsule)
- Transverse ligament of humerus
- Coracohumeral ligament
- Tendon of the subscapularis muscle
- Tendon of the biceps brachii muscle (long head)
- Joint capsule of the elbow joint
- Annular ligaments of radius
- Radial collateral ligament (anterior part)
- Radial collateral ligament (posterior part)
- Ulnar collateral ligament (anterior part)
- Ulnar collateral ligament (transverse part)
- Ulnar collateral ligament (posterior part)
- Oblique cord
- Interosseous membrane of the forearm
- Palmar radioulnar ligament
- Dorsal radioulnar ligament
- Articular disc (Ulnocarpal joint)
- Radial carpal collateral ligament
- Ulnar carpal collateral ligament
- Dorsal radiocarpal ligament
- Palmar unlocarpal ligament - Ulnolunate
- Palmar unlocarpal ligament - Ulnocapitate
- Palmar unlocarpal ligament - Ulnotriquetral
- Palmar radiocarpal ligament - Short radiolunate
- Palmar radiocarpal ligament - Long radiolunate
- Palmar radiocarpal ligament - Radio scaphocapitate
- Dorsal intercarpal ligament
- Scapholunate ligament (Dorsal intercarpal ligament)
- Triquetrohamate ligament (Dorsal intercarpal ligament)
- Capitohamate ligament (Dorsal intercarpal ligament)
- Trapeziocapitate ligament (Dorsal intercarpal ligament)
- Trapeziotrapezoid ligament (Dorsal intercarpal ligament)
- HamateMetacarpal ligament (Palmar intercarpal ligament)
- PisoHamate ligament (Palmar intercarpal ligament)
- PisoMetacarpal ligament (Palmar intercarpal ligament)
- ScaphoTrapezioTrapezoid ligament (Palmar intercarpal ligament)
- TriquetoHamate ligament (Palmar intercarpal ligament)
- LunoTriquetral ligament (Palmar intercarpal ligament)
- TrapezioTrapezoid ligament (Palmar intercarpal ligament)
- TrapezioCapitate ligament (Palmar intercarpal ligament)
- CapitoHamate ligament (Palmar intercarpal ligament)
- TriquetoCapitate ligament (Palmar intercarpal ligament)
- ScaphoCapitate ligament (Palmar intercarpal ligament)
- Dorsal carpometacarpal ligaments
- Dorsal metacarpal ligaments
- Palmar metacarpal ligaments
- Palmar carpometacarpal ligaments
- Deep transverse metacarpal ligament
- Collateral ligament
- Accessory collateral ligament
- Phalangoglenoid ligament
- Metacarpophalangeal joint capsule
- Proximal interphalangeal joint capsule
- Distal interphalangeal joint capsule
- Anular ligaments
- Cruciform ligaments
- Tendon of the Flexor digitorum superficialis muscle
- Tendon of the Flexor digitorum profundus muscle
- Subdeltoid bursa
- Tendon of the supraspinatus muscle
- Tendon of the infraspinatus muscle
- Subacromial bursa
- Intertubercular tendon sheath
- Subtendinous bursa of subscapularis
- Subcoracoid bursa
- Coracoclavicular bursa
- Subcutaneous olecranon bursa
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