Trunk
Muscles and bones
Vertebral column anatomy in 3D
The vertebral column, formed by cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral and coccygeal vertebrae.
The column is usually formed by 7 cervical, 12 thoracic and 5 lumbar vertebrae, plus the fused sacrum and coccyx. Its cervical and lumbar lordoses and thoracic and sacral kyphoses distribute load and absorb shock, and the vertebral canal formed by the vertebral foramina protects the spinal cord.
Systems in this model
- Bones
Structures in this model (130)
Bones (130)
- Atlas, C1
- Axis, C2
- Cervical Vertebra, C3
- Cervical Vertebra, C4
- Cervical Vertebra, C5
- Cervical Vertebra, C6
- Cervical Vertebra, C7
- Thoracic Vertebra, T1
- Thoracic Vertebra, T2
- Thoracic Vertebra, T3
- Thoracic Vertebra, T4
- Thoracic Vertebra, T5
- Thoracic Vertebra, T6
- Thoracic Vertebra, T7
- Thoracic Vertebra, T8
- Thoracic Vertebra, T9
- Thoracic Vertebra, T10
- Thoracic Vertebra, T11
- Thoracic Vertebra, T12
- Lumbar Vertebra, L1
- Lumbar Vertebra, L2
- Lumbar Vertebra, L3
- Lumbar Vertebra, L4
- Lumbar Vertebra, L5
- Sacrum
- Coccyx, 1
- Coccyx, 2
- Coccyx, 3
- Coccyx, 4
- Anterior arch
- Anterior tubercle
- Articular facet for dens
- Inferior articular facet
- Lateral mass
- Posterior arch
- Posterior tubercle
- Superior articular facet
- Transverse foramen
- Transverse process
- Vertebral foramen
- Anterior articular facet
- Dens (odontoid process)
- Inferior articular facet
- Inferior articular process
- Intervertebral surface
- Posterior articular facet
- Spinous process
- Superior articular facet
- Transverse foramen
- Transverse process
- Vertebral arch
- Vertebral body
- Vertebral foramen
- Anterior tubercle
- Groove for spinal nerve
- Inferior articular facet
- Inferior articular process
- Inferior vertebral notch
- Intervertebral surface
- Lamina of the vertebral arch
- Pedicle
- Posterior tubercle
- Spinous process
- Superior articular facet
- Superior articular process
- Superior vertebral notch
- Transverse foramen
- Transverse process
- Uncinate process
- Vertebral body
- Vertebral foramen
- Inferior articular facet
- Inferior articular process
- Inferior costal facet
- Inferior vertebral notch
- Intervertebral surface
- Lamina of the vertebral arch
- Pedicle
- Spinous process
- Superior articular facet
- Superior articular process
- Superior costal facet
- Superior vertebral notch
- Transverse costal facet
- Transverse process
- Vertebral body
- Vertebral foramen
- Accessory process
- Costal process
- Inferior articular facet
- Inferior articular process
- Inferior vertebral notch
- Intervertebral surface
- Lamina of the vertebral arch
- Mammillary process
- Pedicle
- Spinous process
- Superior articular facet
- Superior articular process
- Superior vertebral notch
- Vertebral body
- Vertebral foramen
- Anterior sacral foramen
- Apex of sacrum
- Auricular surface
- Base of sacrum
- Coccygeal cornu
- Coccyx
- Lateral sacral crest
- Medial (Intermediate) sacral crest
- Median sacral crest
- Posterior sacral foramen
- Promontory
- Sacral canal
- Sacral cornu
- Sacral hiatus
- Sacral tuberosity
- Sacrococcygeal joint
- Superior articular facet
- Superior articular process
- Transverse line
- Tranverse process
- Wing
- Intervertebral foramen
- Lateral atlantoaxial joint
- Zygapophyseal joint
- Intervertebral foramen
- Zygapophyseal joint
- Intervertebral foramen
- Zygapophyseal joint
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